| In 1995, a total of 1,210,883 legal induced abortions
were reported to CDC (Table 1), a decrease of 4.5% from the number reported for 1994 (1).
The number of live births decreased by 1.5% over the same period. From 1994 to 1995, the
number of reported abortions decreased in 40 of 52 reporting areas. From 1994 to 1995, the
national abortion ratio (number of legal abortions per 1000 live births reported by all
reporting areas) decreased from 321 to 311 and the national abortion rate (number of legal
abortions per 1000 women aged 15-44 years) decreased from 21 to 20, respectively.
Consistent with previous years, approximately 92% of women who had legal abortions were
residents of the state in which the procedure was performed.
Women who obtained legal abortions in 1995 were predominately
white and unmarried. As in 1994, one fifth of women who obtained legal abortions in 1995
were adolescents (aged less than or equal to 19 years); 33% were aged 20-24 years.
Curettage (suction and sharp) remained the primary abortion procedure (99% of all
procedures). As in previous years, more than half of legal abortions (54%) were performed
during the first 8 weeks of gestation; specifically, 16% were at less than or equal to 6
weeks; 17% at 7 weeks; and 21% at 8 weeks. Approximately 88% of abortions were performed
during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy.
Reported by: Statistics and Computer Resources Br, Div of
Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion,
CDC.
Editorial Note
Editorial Note: During 1980-1995, the annual number of legal
induced abortions in the United States varied by less than or equal to 5% (Table 1).
However, since 1990 (the year in which the number of abortions was highest), the number of
reported abortions has steadily decreased. In 1995, 77% of reporting areas reported fewer
abortions than in 1994. During 1972-1980, the national abortion rate increased each year;
during 1981-1993, the rate remained stable, fluctuating between 22 and 24 per 1000 women
of reproductive age (i.e., aged 15-44 years). The 1995 rate of 20 was the lowest rate
recorded since 1975 (2).
In 1995, the national ratio of abortions to live births (311
abortions per 1000 live births) was lower than for any year since 1976 (3). The
denominator of this ratio (the number of live births) peaked in 1990 and has declined each
subsequent year; although the numerator of this ratio (the number of abortions) also
peaked in 1990, the percentage decline from 1994 to 1995 in the annual number of abortions
exceeded the percentage decline in the annual number of births (4.5% compared with 1.5%,
respectively). Factors potentially associated with the decrease in the proportion of
pregnancies that ended in an abortion include reduced access to abortion services,
attitudinal changes concerning the decision to have an abortion or to carry a pregnancy to
term, and a reduction in the number of unintended pregnancies (4-6).
Although the number of women of reproductive age in the
United States has increased by 13% since 1980, the proportion who are older (i.e., in
later, less fertile reproductive years) has increased (7). For example, from 1980 to 1995,
the percentage of women of reproductive age who were aged less than 30 years (the age
group having highest fertility) declined from 58% to 46%, respectively (8), while women
aged 35-44 years (the age group having lowest fertility) accounted for 25% and 36% of
reproductive-aged women, respectively. The final report for 1995 will assess the impact of
changes in the age distribution of reproductive-aged women on the long-term trend in the
abortion rate and ratio.
Many states emphasize prevention of unintended pregnancy,
particularly among teenagers. During 1995, the total number of legal induced abortions was
available for all 52 reporting areas. However, approximately 36% of abortions were
reported from states without centralized reporting of abortions (four states) or from
states whose state health departments did not collect, and therefore could not provide,
information about characteristics (e.g., age or race) of women obtaining legal abortions
(four states). To assist efforts to prevent unintended pregnancy, each state needs an
accurate assessment of abortion on an ongoing basis (including the number and
characteristics of women obtaining legal abortions). Since 1992, most reporting areas have
reported abortions by gestational age in weeks of gestation for abortions performed at
less than or equal to 8 weeks. As new medical methods are used for terminating pregnancies
primarily at less than or equal to 8 weeks of gestation, these data will continue to
assist in monitoring trends in legal abortions (9,10).
Additional statistical and epidemiologic information about
legal induced abortions is available from CDC's automated Reproductive Health Information
line, telephone (888) 232-2306, which provides information by fax, by voice recordings, or
through the mail.
References
- CDC. Abortion surveillance: preliminary data -- United States,
1994. MMWR 1997;45:1123-7.
- CDC. Abortion surveillance 1975. Atlanta, Georgia: US
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, 1977.
- CDC. Abortion surveillance 1976. Atlanta, Georgia: US
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, 1978.
- Henshaw SK. The accessibility of abortion services in the
United States. Fam Plann Perspect 1991;23:246-52,263.
- Henshaw SK, Van Vort J. Abortion services in the United
States, 1991 and 1992. Fam Plann Perspect 1994;26:100-6,112.
- Abma J, Chandra A, Mosher W, Peterson L, Piccinino L.
Fertility, family planning, and women's health: new data from the 1995 National Survey of
Family Growth. Hyattsville, Maryland: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public
Health Service, CDC, 1997:23; DHHS publication no. (PHS)97-1995. (Vital and health
statistics; series 23, no. 19).
- Ventura SJ, Martin JA, Curtin SC, Mathews TJ. Report of final
natality statistics, 1995. Hyattsville, Maryland: US Department of Health and Human
Services, CDC, National Center for Health Statistics, 1997. (Monthly vital statistics
report; vol 45, no. 11, suppl).
- Deardorff KE, Montgomery P, Hollmann FW. U.S. population
estimates by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin: 1990 to 1995. Washington, DC: US
Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census,
1996; publication no. PPL-41.
- Peyron R, Aubeny E, Targosz V, et al. Early termination of
pregnancy with mifepristone (RU 486) and the orally active prostaglandin misoprostol. N
Engl J Med 1993;328:1509-13.
- Creinin MD, Vittinghoff E, Galbraith S, Klaisle C. A
randomized trial comparing misoprostol three and seven days after methotrexate for early
abortion. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995;173:1578-84.
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Source: CDC. Abortion surveillance: preliminary data --
United States, 1994. MMWR 1997;45:1123-7. Last Updated: 11/03/06 |
